Class 7

Chapter-13 DELHI SULTANATE

D. Answer the following questions in brief:

Q.1 Name two literacy gems of Qutubuddin Aibak’s court.

Ans. The two literacy gems of Qutubuddin Aibak’s court were:-

Hasan Azmi and Mubarak Shah

Q.2 When and between whom was the first battle of Panipat fought?

Ans. Babur invades India and met Ibrahim Lodi, in the battle of Panipat in 1526. Babur defeated Ibrahim Lodi who was killed in this battle.

Q.3 Mention four social evils prevalent in the Hindu society during the Sultanate period?

Ans. The Hindu society suffers from evils like sati system, child marriage, ban on widow remarriage, caste system and female education.

Q.4 Mention four items which are exported from India and imported to India.

Ans. India exported rice, spices, indigo, tea tiles, silk and sandalwood and imported horses, wine, high grade textiles, glassware, raw silk etc...

Q.5 Name two Sultans who kept the Ulemas away from the administration.

Ans. The two Sultans who kept the Ulemas away from the administration were:-

    1.     Ala-ud-din-Khalji

    2.    Muhammad Tughlag

E: Answer the following questions:-

Q.1 Describe the administrative reforms made by Iltutmish to strengthen his hold on Delhi Sultanate.

Ans. Iltutmish made many administrative reforms to strengthen his hold on Delhi sultanate. He organized a group of 40 Turkish nobles known as Chaliha. He divided his empire into many Iqtas for administrative efficiency. He introduced silver coins Tanka and copper coin, Jital.

Q.2 ‘Balban was a strong and capable ruler.’ Support the statement by giving suitable arguments.

Ans. Balban was a strong and capable ruler as:-

•       He supported all opposition and created an atmosphere of obedience and patriotism towards the sultanate.
• .       Balban ended the power of the group of 40 Turkish nobles to consolidate his position.
•        He was a sultan who believed in complete justice. He did not spare any wrong doer whether a common man or a noble.
•        His darbar was very disciplined.
•      He safeguarded his frontiers by constructing many forts and posting his best guards there.

Q.3 Explain briefly the economic reforms of Ala-ud-din Khalji.

Ans. Ala-ud-din is famous for his economic reforms:-

       

        1.   He fixed the maximum retail price of the goods of daily use.

        2.    He also introduced grain storage and rationing system.

                    3.  There were different market places for different commodities.

                    4.  Severe punishment was given to those who weighed less or cheated the         buyers in any way.

              5.   Market controllers were appointed for strict supervision over the traders.

               6.  He also reformed the revenue system. Land revenue was fixed according      to the size of land holding.

Q.4 State the reforms made by Feroz Tughlaq to redress the grievances of the people.

Ans. Feroz Tughlaq made many reforms to redress the grievances that people had against Muhammad Tughlaq.

    

       1. He constructed many canals and Tanks. The old tanks were repaired.

       2.    Land revenue was reduced and markets were opened to sell the surplus          produce.

       3.   New coins of smaller denominations were also introduced.

        4. He opened schools and gave grants to the scholars to promote literacy         activities.

        5.  He helped the poor Muslims.

Q.5 Describe Muhammad Tughals projects which failed.

Ans.

Project-1

He transferred his capital from Delhi to Devgiri, to avoid the fury of attacks of Mangols and to exercise between control on the Deccan. Many people died on the way to Devgiri, which was 950 km away. On the other hand, his absence from the north encouraged frequent attacks from Mangols. After five years, he ordered a retreat and Delhi once again became the capital of the Sultanate.

 Project-2

He imposed land tax in the Deals area at 50 per cent of the produce. The peasants, who had recently suffered due to a wide famine, were stumped by the order. Many farmers gave up cultivation and there land lay barren. This project also ended in an utter failure.

Project-3

The failure of his projects emptied his treasury. He then thought of issuing token currency of copper instead of silver. But due to increased circulation of counterfeit coins, he had to withdraw hi orders and asked the people to exchange their coins with silver coins. This caused heavy loss to the royal treasury.