Class 6

Chapter 22 Democracy and Government

Ques 1 What is the most positive attitude in a conflicting situation?

Ans 1 In a conflicting situation the positive attitude of ‘live and let live’ is the best course to amicably settle the disputes and solve the problem.

Ques 2 Mention an outcome of a conflicting situation ?

Ans 2 An outcome of a conflicting situation leads to misunderstanding, rigid stands and clashes.

Ques 3 Who organizes supervises and controls activities around us?

Ans3 the government at different levels organizes supervises and controls activities around us.

Ques 4 What is the outcome of tolerance and self discipline?

Ans 4 Harmony and balance is the outcome of tolerance and self discipline.

Ques5 Give examples of any two elected representatives of the people at various levels of government?

Ans 5 National Level – 1) Prime minister Mr. Narender Modi

-       2) Cabinet minister Mr. Arun Jaitely ( finance and defence minister)

State Level – 1) Chief Minister of Uttar Pradesh Yogi Adtiya Nath

-       2) Chief minister of Madhya Pradesh  Shiv raj Chauhan  

Village Level –  Chaavi Rajawat (village Soda, Rajasthan)

Ques 6 State three points on the right which forms basis of democratic  government?

Ans 6 1) Right to vote forms the very basis of democratic governments at various levels in India.

2) Participation of the people in the election process of the country at various levels is based on Universal Adult Franchise which means all the citizens of India who are 18 years of age and above are eligible to cast their vote irrespective of caste, colour, religion or language.

3) Right to vote and  to elect representatives is given to all adults without any discrimination.

Ques 7 Whose view should be accepted when so many people are involved in taking a decision and why?

Ans 7.  When a large number of people are involved in decision making The opinion of majority is accepted but the opion of minority is also respected.

Ques 8 Why did India opt for representative Democracy? Explain

Ans 8. In a vast country like India, it is difficult to devise a method for the direct participation of the people in the governance of the country. Therefore representative democracy has been adopted in india.

Under this system people elect their representatives who govern on their behalf. This means India is indirectly governed by the people through their elected representatives like Panches, Municipal councilors , members of legislatives assemblies or members of the parliament

Ques 9. Mention any five advantages of a democratic set up?

                                    OR

                 Write any five goals of democracy?

Ans 9. 1) Democracy aims at Social, Economic  and Political Equality

2) Democracy maintains harmony and balance in the society.

3) Democracy roots out authoritarianism and dictatorship.

4) Democracy inculcates the habit of obeying the rules and regulations of the state.

5) It helps in maintain peace.

Ques 10. How do people guard their own rights and freedom granted to them by the constitution? Explain

Ans 10. 1) The people guard their own rights and freedom granted to them by the constitution by participating in the process of elections.

2) People also closely watch the activities of various departments of the government and criticize also if required.

Value based question

Ques1 Why should we pay tax honestly and regularly?

Ans 1 We should pay taxes honestly and regularly for the following reasons:

          1)For the welfare of the citizens and development of the country.

       2)   For the development of infrastructure like roads, markets, bridges, national highways, schools, dispensaries.

      3)  It spreads up the loan application process.

Class 6

Chapter 11 The Iron age civilization

Ques 1 What were the main inventions of Greek civilization?

Ans 1 The people calculated the circumference of the earth drew maps of the world and played Olympic Games.

Ques 2 Name the gods that were worshipped by the Romans?

Ans  2 Romans worshipped goddess – Vesta, Venus and gods Jupiter, Mars, Mercury and Juno.

Ques 3 Name the four Vedas?

Ans 3 The four Vedas are

1.     Rig Veda
2.       Sam Veda
3.       Yajur Veda
4.        Atharva Veda

Ques 4 Give examples to prove that Vedic Civilisation was quite advanced?

Ans 4 1) The Aryans could foretell solar and lunar eclipses.

2) They knew movement of the earth on its own axis, around the sun and movement of moon around the earth.

Ques 5 Mention the main occupations of the people of Iranian civilization?

Ans 5 Trading, Ship building, Craft – Silk weaving, pottery, metal work and gem cutting, were the main occupations of the Iranian civilization.

Ques 6 What was the political conditions of the country under Aryans?

Ans 6 1) The country under Aryans was formed of a number of small and big kingdom. Kingship was hereditary.

2) King of a small kingdom was called a Rja. A samrat or Maharja controlled a large kingdom.

3) The king was assisted by Priest, Minister, Comander of Army and Headmen of village.

4) The king consulted sabha and samiti on all important matters.

5) Kings performed Rajasuya and Ashvamedha Yajans to gain supreme power and for declaring his power over a vast country.

Ques 7 What was the condition of women in the early Vedic Period?

Ans 7 1) Women held a respectable position in the Early Vedic Period.   

2) They were educated.

3) Women like Apala and Gosha even composed hymns.

4) The participation of wife was essential in all the religious ceremonies.

5) The social evils like sati pratha child marriage were unknown in the early Vedic period.

Ques 8. Explain the Varna system. What change did it undergo during the later Vedic period?

Ans 8 The society was divided into four Varna namely –

•     Brahimns – They looked after the religious matters.
•     Kshatriyas- They protected the people from internal and external harm.
•    Vaishyas- They were the cultivators and craftsmen.
•     Shudras – They were the labourers who served the above three classes.
• 
  

The people of different varna had the freedom to intermingle, marry or change their occupation. But in later vedic period the varna system became hereditary and very rigid. No one could change the occupation or the varna.   

Ques 9 List the achievements of the Aryans in the field of science and mathematics?

Ans 9 A great progress was achieved in the field of science and Maths

Science

1  1)  The Aryans knew the use of iron. They used it for making stronger tools and weapons.

    

    2)   Craftsmen like carpenters, blacksmith and tanners were able to develop their crafts with better tools.

        3)  Aryans used axe for clearing jungles and spreading agriculture. Iron weapons like spearheads, swords and shield helped in conquering new territories.

Mathematics

1)  Mathematics also known as Ganita included arithmetic, geometry and algebra.

2)  The vedic people had the knowledge of zero. They also knew the decimal system, cube, cube root, square root, under root etc.

3)  Astronomy was the favourite subject of Aryans. The Aryans can foretell solar and lunar eclipses.

Ques 10. List the occupations of the Aryans?

Ans 10. 1) Agriculture was the main occupation of the Aryans. They grew wheat, rice Barely etc.

2) The Aryans were involved in many occupations like Pottery, weaving, Carpentry, jewellery making etc.

3) Aryans were expert traders. Trade was mainly carried on land.